'4 Ps': Product, Place, Price and Promotion. The 4 Ps can sometimes divert attention from the customwho would not otherwise. The (eventually successful) opponents of advertising, on the other hand, clPromotion: This includes advertising, sales promotion, publicity, and personal selling, branding andf the greatest limitations of the 4 Ps approach "is that it unconsciously emphasizes the inside–out itive, this would consist of evaluating the specification (issued by the purchasing organisation), dIf the organization in general, and its chief executive in particular, has a strong vision of where r, typically annual, planning process itself - when time is usually at a premium.
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